TCP/IP Protocol Suite Summary : Networking

Table 6 TCP/IP Protocol Suite Summary
Protocol	Full Name	Description	OSI Layer
IP	Internet Protocol	Connectionless protocol used for moving data around a network.	Network
TCP	Transmission Control Protocol	Connection-oriented protocol that offers flow control, sequencing, and retransmission of dropped packets.	Transport
UDP	User Datagram Protocol	Connectionless alternative to TCP that is used for applications that do not require the functions offered by TCP.	Transport
FTP	File Transfer Protocol	Protocol for uploading and down-loading files to and from a remote host; also accommodates basic file-management tasks.	Application
SFTP	Secure File Transfer Protocol	Protocol that performs a similar function to FTP, but provides more secure authentication and encryption mechanisms.	Application
TFTP	Trivial File Transfer Protocol	File transfer protocol that does not have the security or error-checking capabilities of FTP; uses UDP as a transport protocol and is therefore connectionless.	Application
SMTP	Simple Mail Transfer Protocol	Mechanism for transporting email across networks.	Application
HTTP	Hypertext Transfer Protocol	Protocol for retrieving files from a Web server.	Application
HTTPS	Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure	Secure protocol for retrieving files from a Web server.	Application
POP3/IMAP4	Post Office Protocol version 3/Internet Message Access Protocol version 4	Used for retrieving email from a server on which the mail is stored.	Application
Telnet	Telnet	Allows sessions to be opened on a remote host.	Application
SSH	Secure Shell	Like Telnet, allows sessions to be opened on a remote host, but provides authentication and encryption capabilities.	Application
ICMP	Internet Control Message Protocol	Used for error reporting, flow control, and route testing.	Network
ARP	Address Resolution Protocol	Resolves IP addresses to MAC addresses, to enable communication between devices.	Network
RARP	Reverse Address Resolution Protocol	Resolves MAC addresses to IP addresses.	Network
NTP	Network Time Protocol	Used to communicate time synchronization information between devices.	Application
NNTP	Network News Transport Protocol	Protocol used for accessing and downloading messages from Internet-based newsgroups.	Application
SCP	Secure Copy Protocol	Protocol that uses Secure Shell (SSH) technology to provide a safe way to copy files between systems.	Application
LDAP	Lightweight Directory Access Protocol	Provides a mechanism to access directory services systems	Application
IGMP	Internet Group Management Protocol	Protocol used for communication between devices in a multicast group.	Network
LPR	Line Printer Remote	Provides a mechanism to send printing tasks to a print server.	Application